India is accelerating its largest military overhaul since independence, reorganizing its forces into integrated theatre commands. The move is a response to security concerns regarding China and Pakistan.

India is moving closer to undertaking its biggest military revamp since independence, with the army, navy and air force placed under commanders overseeing specific theatres of conflict, amid concerns over whether such a set-up can simultaneously counter China and Pakistan. Analysts said the debate over the proposed Integrated Theatre Commands is not just about a streamlining exercise but whether India’s military could be cohesive enough to deal with border disputes and evolving threats. The...