Enrico Letta notes that the fragmentation of the Single Market, exacerbated by the Middle East war, is increasing costs for the European Union. He stresses that key recommendations for reform remain unfulfilled, hindering EU growth.

We speak to an influential voice on European reform, the former Italian prime minister Enrico Letta, author of a landmark report on the future of the Single Market, presented in April 2024. Two years on, he says many of its recommendations remain unimplemented, warning that continued fragmentation of the Single Market – and by extension the energy market – is contributing to higher costs for the EU amid the war in the Middle East. We also ask him about the EU’s plans for a digital single currenc...